객관식
How did Rutherford's model of the atom differ from Thomson's model?
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2. Atoms & Elements
Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment
객관식
Which hypothesis was supported by the results of the Rutherford gold foil experiment and led to the discovery of the proton?
A
Electrons are distributed evenly throughout the atom.
B
Atoms contain a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.
C
All atomic mass is concentrated in the electron cloud.
D
Atoms are indivisible and cannot be broken down further.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the context of the Rutherford gold foil experiment: it involved firing alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil to observe how they scattered.
Recall the key observation: most alpha particles passed straight through the foil, but some were deflected at large angles, and a few even bounced back.
Analyze what these observations imply about atomic structure: if atoms were uniform and diffuse, alpha particles would pass through with minimal deflection; large deflections suggest a concentrated positive charge.
Formulate the hypothesis supported by these results: atoms contain a small, dense, positively charged nucleus that causes the deflection of alpha particles.
Connect this hypothesis to the discovery of the proton: the positively charged nucleus was later understood to contain protons, fundamental particles with positive charge.
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