객관식
Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the electron?
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2. Atoms & Elements
Millikan Oil Drop Experiment
객관식
What did J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode ray tubes imply about the mass of an electron?
A
The mass of an electron is greater than the mass of a neutron.
B
The mass of an electron is approximately 1 amu.
C
The mass of an electron is equal to the mass of a proton.
D
The mass of an electron is much smaller than that of a hydrogen atom.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the context of J.J. Thomson's cathode ray tube experiments, which involved studying the properties of cathode rays (streams of electrons) in a vacuum tube under the influence of electric and magnetic fields.
Step 2: Recognize that Thomson measured the charge-to-mass ratio (\(\frac{e}{m}\)) of the particles in the cathode rays, discovering that this ratio was much larger than that of any known ion, implying either a very large charge or a very small mass.
Step 3: Since the charge of the electron was later determined to be the same magnitude as the charge of a proton, Thomson concluded that the mass of the electron must be much smaller than that of atoms or protons.
Step 4: Connect this conclusion to the fact that the electron's mass is indeed much smaller than the mass of a hydrogen atom (which contains one proton and one electron), confirming that electrons are subatomic particles with very small mass.
Step 5: Summarize that Thomson's experiments implied the electron has a mass much smaller than that of atoms, disproving options that suggest the electron's mass is comparable to protons, neutrons, or 1 amu.
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