객관식
Which of the following compounds will have the highest molar solubility in pure water?
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6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solubility Rules
객관식
Which graph best represents the change in solubility of BaCO3 as HNO3 is gradually added to an aqueous solution?
A
A graph showing a steady decrease in BaCO3 solubility as HNO3 concentration increases.
B
A graph showing an initial increase followed by a decrease in BaCO3 solubility as HNO3 concentration increases.
C
A graph showing no change in BaCO3 solubility as HNO3 concentration increases.
D
A graph showing a steady increase in BaCO3 solubility as HNO3 concentration increases.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the chemical equilibrium involved. Barium carbonate (BaCO\_3) is a sparingly soluble salt that dissociates in water according to the equilibrium: \(\mathrm{BaCO_3 (s) \rightleftharpoons Ba^{2+} (aq) + CO_3^{2-} (aq)}\).
Step 2: Recognize the effect of adding HNO\_3, a strong acid, to the solution. The acid will dissociate completely, providing H\^+ ions that react with carbonate ions: \(\mathrm{CO_3^{2-} + 2H^+ \rightarrow H_2CO_3 \rightarrow CO_2 + H_2O}\).
Step 3: Apply Le Ch\^atelier's principle. As H\^+ ions remove CO\_3^{2-} ions by converting them into carbonic acid and then CO\_2, the equilibrium shifts to dissolve more BaCO\_3 to replace the lost carbonate ions, increasing BaCO\_3 solubility.
Step 4: Predict the shape of the solubility curve. Since the removal of carbonate ions continuously drives the dissolution of BaCO\_3, the solubility should steadily increase as more HNO\_3 is added.
Step 5: Conclude that the graph showing a steady increase in BaCO\_3 solubility with increasing HNO\_3 concentration best represents the system, because the acid effectively increases solubility by shifting the dissolution equilibrium.
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