객관식
Which of the following pairs of reactants will result in a spontaneous redox reaction at 25°C?
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19. Chemical Thermodynamics
Spontaneous vs Nonspontaneous Reactions
객관식
The reaction between carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and water (H2O) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) has a ΔG° value of -232 kJ/mole, indicating it is thermodynamically favored. However, when you mix carbon tetrachloride with water, what occurs?
A
No reaction occurs because the activation energy is too high.
B
The reaction proceeds rapidly at room temperature.
C
The reaction occurs slowly, producing a small amount of products.
D
The reaction requires a catalyst to proceed.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the concept of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°): A negative ΔG° value indicates that a reaction is thermodynamically favored, meaning it can occur spontaneously under standard conditions. However, this does not provide information about the rate of the reaction.
Consider the role of activation energy: Even if a reaction is thermodynamically favored, it may not occur if the activation energy is too high. Activation energy is the energy barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to proceed.
Analyze the given reaction: The reaction between carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and water (H2O) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) has a ΔG° of -232 kJ/mole, suggesting it is favorable. However, the high activation energy can prevent the reaction from occurring at a noticeable rate.
Evaluate the conditions: At room temperature, without any additional energy input or catalyst, the high activation energy can prevent the reaction from proceeding, despite the favorable ΔG°.
Conclude based on the options: Since the activation energy is too high for the reaction to occur spontaneously at room temperature, the correct interpretation is that no reaction occurs under these conditions without a catalyst.
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