Determine the chemical equation that would result when carbonate, CO32-, reacts with water.
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Identify the reactants and products in the chemical equation. The reactants are carbonate ion (CO3^2-) and water (H2O).
Recognize that the carbonate ion (CO3^2-) can act as a base and accept a proton (H+) from water, which acts as an acid.
When CO3^2- accepts a proton from H2O, it forms bicarbonate (HCO3^-), and water loses a proton to form hydroxide ion (OH^-).
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: CO3^2- (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ HCO3^- (aq) + OH^- (aq).
Understand that this is an equilibrium reaction, indicated by the double arrow, meaning the reaction can proceed in both forward and reverse directions.