For each statement, indicate whether it is true or false. (a) The greater the orbital overlap in a bond, the weaker the bond. (b) The greater the orbital overlap in a bond, the shorter the bond.

Glycine, the simplest amino acid, has the following Lewis structure:

b. What are the hybridizations of the orbitals on the two oxygens and the nitrogen atom, and what are the approximate bond angles at the nitrogen?

The molecule C4H5N has the connectivity shown here. a. After the Lewis structure for the molecule is completed, how many 𝜎 and how many 𝜋 bonds are there in this molecule?

A molecule with formula C4H3NO has the connectivity shown in the figure. After the Lewis structure of the molecule is completed, how many of each of the following are there in the molecule:

a. single bonds,

b. double bonds,

c. triple bonds,

d. nonbonding pairs? [Sections 8.3 and 8.5]

Structures A, B, and C show the connectivity of the atoms in three different molecules that are isomers of C3H4O. By completing the Lewis structures of these molecules, complete the information in the following table:

Isomer A Isomer B Isomer C

Number of single bonds

Number of double bonds

Number of triple bonds

Number of nonbonding pairs

Ethyl propanoate, CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₃, gives a fruity pineapple-like smell. (a) Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule, assuming that carbon always forms four bonds in its stable compounds. (b) How many s and how many p bonds are in the molecule?

Ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl, is a very soluble salt in water. (b) Is there an N—Cl bond in solid ammonium chloride?

(c) Would you expect the O—O bond in O₂ to be shorter or longer than the O—O bond in compounds that contain an O—O single bond? Explain.