교과서 질문
What is the pH at the equivalence point for the titration of 0.10 M solutions of the following acids and bases, and which of the indicators in Figure 17.5 would be suitable for each titration? (c) CH3NH2 (methylamine) and HCl
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18. Aqueous Equilibrium
Titrations: Weak Base-Strong Acid
Multiple Choice
A 20.00-mL sample of 0.150 M NH3 is being titrated with 0.200 M HCl. What is the pH after 25.00 mL of HCl has been added? Kb of NH3 = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵
A
5.25
B
3.50
C
9.26
D
4.74
검증된 단계별 안내1
Calculate the initial moles of NH3 in the solution using the formula: \( \text{moles} = \text{volume} \times \text{molarity} \). For NH3, \( \text{moles} = 20.00 \text{ mL} \times 0.150 \text{ M} \). Convert the volume from mL to L by dividing by 1000.
Calculate the moles of HCl added using the same formula: \( \text{moles} = \text{volume} \times \text{molarity} \). For HCl, \( \text{moles} = 25.00 \text{ mL} \times 0.200 \text{ M} \). Again, convert the volume from mL to L.
Determine the limiting reactant by comparing the moles of NH3 and HCl. Since HCl is a strong acid and NH3 is a weak base, they will react in a 1:1 ratio to form NH4+. Subtract the moles of HCl from the moles of NH3 to find the remaining moles of NH3 or the moles of NH4+ formed.
Calculate the concentration of NH4+ in the solution. The total volume of the solution after the addition of HCl is the sum of the initial NH3 solution volume and the added HCl volume. Use this total volume to find the concentration: \( \text{concentration} = \frac{\text{moles of NH4+}}{\text{total volume in L}} \).
Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the pH of the solution: \( \text{pH} = \text{pKa} + \log \left( \frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]} \right) \). First, calculate \( \text{pKa} \) from \( \text{pKb} \) using the relation \( \text{pKa} + \text{pKb} = 14 \). Then, substitute the concentrations of NH3 and NH4+ into the equation to find the pH.
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