(c) Is XeF2 linear

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the central atom in the molecule XeF2, which is Xenon (Xe).

Determine the number of valence electrons for Xenon and Fluorine. Xenon has 8 valence electrons, and each Fluorine atom contributes 7 valence electrons.

Arrange the electrons to form bonds and lone pairs. In XeF2, Xenon forms two single bonds with two Fluorine atoms, using 4 electrons. The remaining 4 electrons on Xenon are arranged as two lone pairs.

Apply the VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry. The presence of two bonding pairs and two lone pairs on the central atom (Xe) leads to a linear arrangement to minimize electron pair repulsion.

Conclude that the molecular geometry of XeF2 is linear due to the arrangement of electron pairs around the central Xenon atom.

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주요 개념

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Molecular Geometry

Molecular geometry refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. It is determined by the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons around the central atom, which influence the shape due to repulsion between electron pairs. Understanding molecular geometry is crucial for predicting the physical and chemical properties of substances.

VSEPR Theory

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model used to predict the geometry of individual molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom. According to VSEPR, electron pairs will arrange themselves to minimize repulsion, leading to specific molecular shapes, such as linear, trigonal planar, or tetrahedral.

Hybridization

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that can accommodate bonding. In the case of XeF2, the xenon atom undergoes sp3d hybridization, which allows it to form two bonds with fluorine atoms while maintaining three lone pairs. This hybridization is essential for understanding the linear arrangement of the molecule.