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Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Brown 14th EditionCh.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics문제 39
19장, 문제 39

For each of the following pairs, predict which substance has the higher entropy per mole at a given temperature: (a) Ar(l) or Ar(g) (b) He(g) at 3 atm pressure or He(g) at 1.5 atm pressure (c) 1 mol of Ne(g) in 15.0 L or 1 mol of Ne(g) in 1.50 L (d) CO2(g) or CO2(s)

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of entropy. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. Generally, the more disordered a system is, the higher its entropy.
Step 2: Analyze part (a). Compare Ar(l) and Ar(g). Gases have higher entropy than liquids because gas molecules are more disordered and have more freedom of movement.
Step 3: Analyze part (b). Compare He(g) at 3 atm and He(g) at 1.5 atm. At lower pressure, gas molecules have more space to move around, leading to higher entropy.
Step 4: Analyze part (c). Compare 1 mol of Ne(g) in 15.0 L and 1 mol of Ne(g) in 1.50 L. A larger volume allows gas molecules more space to move, increasing entropy.
Step 5: Analyze part (d). Compare CO2(g) and CO2(s). Gases have higher entropy than solids because gas molecules are more disordered and have more freedom of movement.

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Entropy

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. It quantifies the number of possible microstates that correspond to a given macrostate, with higher entropy indicating greater disorder. In general, gases have higher entropy than liquids or solids due to their increased freedom of movement and greater number of accessible microstates.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:46
Entropy in Thermodynamics

Effect of Pressure on Gas Entropy

The entropy of a gas is influenced by its pressure. At higher pressures, gas molecules are compressed, leading to fewer available microstates and thus lower entropy. Conversely, at lower pressures, gas molecules have more space to move, resulting in higher entropy. This concept is crucial when comparing gases at different pressures.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:35
Entropy and Physical Changes

Volume and Entropy in Gases

The volume occupied by a gas also affects its entropy. A larger volume allows gas molecules to occupy more positions and states, increasing the system's entropy. Therefore, when comparing the same amount of gas in different volumes, the gas in the larger volume will have higher entropy due to the greater number of accessible microstates.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:46
Entropy in Thermodynamics
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