(c) Write a structural formula for 1-pentanol, the alcohol derived from pentane by making a substitution on one of the carbon atoms.

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the parent hydrocarbon: Pentane is a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms, represented as C5H12.

Understand the functional group: An alcohol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) that replaces a hydrogen atom in the hydrocarbon.

Determine the position of substitution: In 1-pentanol, the hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon atom in the chain.

Draw the carbon chain: Start by drawing a linear chain of five carbon atoms, each bonded to the next.

Add the hydroxyl group: Replace one hydrogen atom on the first carbon with an -OH group, ensuring each carbon has four bonds in total.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Structural Formula

A structural formula represents the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, showing how the atoms are bonded to each other. It provides insight into the molecular structure, including the connectivity of atoms and the presence of functional groups. In organic chemistry, structural formulas are crucial for understanding the properties and reactivity of compounds.

Alcohol Functional Group

Alcohols are organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a carbon atom. This functional group is responsible for the chemical properties of alcohols, including their ability to form hydrogen bonds, which affects their boiling points and solubility. In the case of 1-pentanol, the hydroxyl group is located at the terminal carbon of the pentane chain.

Pentane and Its Derivatives

Pentane is a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms, represented by the formula C5H12. When a hydrogen atom in pentane is replaced by a hydroxyl group, it forms 1-pentanol, an alcohol. Understanding the structure of pentane and how substituents can modify it is essential for drawing the correct structural formula for its derivatives.