Complete the exercises below. Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions: a. hydrolysis of PCl₅ b. dehydration of phosphoric acid (also called orthophosphoric acid) to form pyrophosphoric acid.

Balancing chemical equations involves ensuring that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. To balance an equation, coefficients are adjusted in front of the chemical formulas to achieve equal atom counts.

Hydrolysis reactions involve the reaction of a compound with water, leading to the breakdown of that compound. In the case of PCl₅, hydrolysis results in the formation of phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid. Understanding the reactants and products of hydrolysis is crucial for writing the balanced equation accurately.

Dehydration reactions involve the removal of water from a compound, often resulting in the formation of a new compound. In the dehydration of phosphoric acid to form pyrophosphoric acid, a water molecule is eliminated. Recognizing the reactants and the nature of the reaction is essential for constructing the correct balanced equation.