Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
22장, 문제 58
Complete the exercises below. Write a chemical formula for each compound or ion, and indicate the oxidation state of the group 5A element in each formula: a. phosphate ion, b. arsenous acid, c. antimony(III) sulfide.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Identify the chemical formula for the phosphate ion. The phosphate ion is a polyatomic ion with the formula \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \).
Determine the oxidation state of phosphorus in the phosphate ion. In \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \), oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2. Set up the equation: \( x + 4(-2) = -3 \), where \( x \) is the oxidation state of phosphorus.
Identify the chemical formula for arsenous acid. Arsenous acid is \( \text{H}_3\text{AsO}_3 \).
Determine the oxidation state of arsenic in arsenous acid. In \( \text{H}_3\text{AsO}_3 \), hydrogen has an oxidation state of +1 and oxygen has an oxidation state of -2. Set up the equation: \( 3(+1) + x + 3(-2) = 0 \), where \( x \) is the oxidation state of arsenic.
Identify the chemical formula for antimony(III) sulfide. Antimony(III) indicates an oxidation state of +3 for antimony, and sulfide is \( \text{S}^{2-} \). The formula is \( \text{Sb}_2\text{S}_3 \).
주요 개념
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Oxidation States
Oxidation states, or oxidation numbers, indicate the degree of oxidation of an atom in a compound. They help in understanding electron transfer during chemical reactions. For example, in the phosphate ion (PO4^3-), phosphorus has an oxidation state of +5, reflecting its loss of electrons compared to its elemental form.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:42
Oxidation Numbers
Group 5A Elements
Group 5A elements, also known as Group 15 in the periodic table, include nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. These elements typically exhibit a range of oxidation states, commonly +3 and +5, depending on their chemical environment. Understanding their behavior is crucial for determining the oxidation states in various compounds.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:32Group 6A vs. Group 5A Elements
Chemical Formulas
Chemical formulas represent the composition of a compound, indicating the types and numbers of atoms present. For example, the phosphate ion is represented as PO4^3-, while arsenous acid is H3AsO3. Writing accurate chemical formulas is essential for identifying the oxidation states of the elements involved.
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가이드 코스
02:26Skeletal Formula
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