a. After the label fell off a bottle containing a clear liquid believed to be a solvent called tetrahydrofuran, a chemist measured the density of the liquid to verify its identity. A 25.0-mL portion of the liquid had a mass of 22.08 g. A chemistry handbook lists the density of tetrahydrofuran at 25 °C as 0.8833 g/mL. Is the calculated density in agreement with the tabulated value?

검증된 단계별 안내

Calculate the density of the liquid by using the formula for density, which is Density = \( \frac{Mass}{Volume} \).

Substitute the given mass (22.08 g) and volume (25.0 mL) into the density formula.

Compare the calculated density with the tabulated density of tetrahydrofuran, which is 0.8833 g/mL.

Determine if the calculated density is close enough to the tabulated value to confirm the identity of the liquid as tetrahydrofuran.

Consider any potential experimental errors or conditions that might affect the density measurement, such as temperature variations.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Density

Density is defined as the mass of a substance divided by its volume, typically expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL) for liquids. It is a crucial physical property that helps identify substances, as different materials have unique densities. In this scenario, the density of the liquid is calculated using the mass (22.08 g) and volume (25.0 mL) to determine if it matches the known density of tetrahydrofuran.

Measurement and Calculation

Accurate measurement and calculation are essential in chemistry for determining properties like density. The mass of the liquid is measured using a balance, while the volume is measured using a graduated cylinder. The calculated density is obtained by dividing the mass by the volume, and this value is then compared to the standard density to assess identity and purity.

Comparison with Standard Values

Comparing calculated values with standard or tabulated values is a fundamental practice in chemistry to verify the identity of substances. In this case, the calculated density of the liquid is compared to the known density of tetrahydrofuran at 25 °C (0.8833 g/mL). A close match indicates that the liquid is likely tetrahydrofuran, while significant discrepancies may suggest it is a different substance.