Consider an atom of ⁶³Cu. (a) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does this atom contain?

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the atomic number of copper (Cu) from the periodic table, which is 29. This number represents the number of protons in the atom.

Since the atom is neutral, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Therefore, the atom also has 29 electrons.

The mass number of the given copper isotope is 63, as indicated by the superscript in ⁶³Cu.

Calculate the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number: Neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number = 63 - 29.

Summarize the findings: The atom of ⁶³Cu contains 29 protons, 29 electrons, and the calculated number of neutrons.

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주요 개념

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Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus, while neutrons are neutral particles also located in the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged and orbit the nucleus in electron shells. The number of protons defines the element, while the total number of protons and neutrons gives the atomic mass.

Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. For example, the isotope 63Cu has 29 protons (as all copper atoms do) and a total atomic mass of 63, which means it has 34 neutrons (63 - 29 = 34). Understanding isotopes is crucial for determining the composition of an atom.

Charge Neutrality

Atoms are electrically neutral when the number of protons equals the number of electrons. In the case of 63Cu, with 29 protons, there are also 29 electrons to balance the positive charge of the protons. This concept is fundamental in understanding the stability and reactivity of atoms in chemical reactions.

Consider an atom of 63Cu. (a) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does this atom contain?