Predict whether each of the following compounds is molecular or ionic. d. Ca(NO₃)₂

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Identify the types of elements involved in the compound Ca(NO_3)_2. Calcium (Ca) is a metal, and the nitrate ion (NO_3^-) is a polyatomic ion composed of nonmetals.

Recall that ionic compounds are typically formed between metals and nonmetals, or between metals and polyatomic ions.

Consider the structure of the compound: Ca(NO_3)_2 consists of calcium ions (Ca^2+) and nitrate ions (NO_3^-).

Recognize that the presence of a metal (calcium) and a polyatomic ion (nitrate) suggests an ionic bond.

Conclude that Ca(NO_3)_2 is an ionic compound because it is composed of a metal cation and a polyatomic anion.

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Ionic vs. Molecular Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed from the electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions, typically involving a metal and a non-metal. In contrast, molecular compounds consist of molecules formed by covalent bonds between non-metal atoms. Understanding the distinction between these two types of compounds is essential for predicting their properties and behaviors.

Chemical Formula Interpretation

The chemical formula of a compound provides information about the types and numbers of atoms present. For example, in Ca(NO3)2, 'Ca' represents calcium, a metal, while 'NO3' is the nitrate ion, a polyatomic ion. Recognizing the components of a chemical formula helps in determining whether a compound is ionic or molecular.

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are charged entities composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together, which function as a single ion. In the case of Ca(NO3)2, the nitrate ion (NO3-) is a polyatomic ion that pairs with calcium (Ca2+) to form an ionic compound. Familiarity with common polyatomic ions is crucial for identifying the nature of compounds.

Predict whether each of the following compounds is molecular or ionic. d. Ca(NO3)2