If a saturated aqueous solution of the shock-sensitive compound lead(II) azide, Pb(N3)2, has [Pb2+] = 8.5 x 10^-4 M, what is the value of Ksp for Pb(N3)2?

Name: Chemistry
Author: McMurry
ISBN: 9781292336145

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Identify the dissolution equation for lead(II) azide: Pb(N_3)_2(s) \(\rightleftharpoons\) Pb^{2+}(aq) + 2N_3^-(aq).

Recognize that the solubility product constant, K_{sp}, is defined for the equilibrium of the dissolution process.

Express the K_{sp} expression for the dissolution: K_{sp} = [Pb^{2+}][N_3^-]^2.

Use the given concentration of [Pb^{2+}] = 8.5 \(\times\) 10^{-4} \(\text{ M}\) to determine the concentration of N_3^- ions. Since the stoichiometry is 1:2, [N_3^-] = 2 \(\times\) [Pb^{2+}].

Substitute the concentrations into the K_{sp} expression: K_{sp} = (8.5 \(\times\) 10^{-4}) \(\times\) (2 \(\times\) 8.5 \(\times\) 10^{-4})^2.

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

The solubility product constant (Ksp) is an equilibrium constant that applies to the solubility of sparingly soluble ionic compounds. It is defined as the product of the molar concentrations of the ions, each raised to the power of their coefficients in the balanced dissolution equation. For lead(II) azide, Ksp can be calculated using the concentrations of lead ions and azide ions in a saturated solution.

Dissociation of Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds dissociate into their constituent ions when dissolved in water. For lead(II) azide, the dissociation can be represented as Pb(N3)2(s) ⇌ Pb2+(aq) + 2N3-(aq). Understanding this dissociation is crucial for determining the concentrations of the ions in solution, which are necessary for calculating Ksp.

Saturation and Concentration

A saturated solution is one in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature, leading to an equilibrium between the dissolved ions and the undissolved solid. The concentration of ions in a saturated solution is essential for calculating Ksp, as it reflects the equilibrium state of the system. In this case, the concentration of Pb2+ is given, and the concentration of N3- can be derived from the stoichiometry of the dissociation.