Use Le Châtelier's principle to predict whether the solubility of BaF2 will increase, decrease, or remain the same on addition of each of the following substances. (a) HCl

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the dissolution reaction of BaF2 in water: BaF2(s) ⇌ Ba^{2+}(aq) + 2F^{-}(aq).

Recognize that HCl is a strong acid and will dissociate completely in water to form H^{+}(aq) and Cl^{-}(aq).

Understand that the addition of HCl increases the concentration of H^{+}(aq) in the solution.

Consider the common ion effect and Le Châtelier's principle. The increase in H^{+}(aq) can react with F^{-}(aq) to form HF(aq), which decreases the concentration of F^{-}(aq).

Predict the shift in equilibrium: With the decrease in F^{-}(aq) concentration, the equilibrium will shift to the right to produce more F^{-}(aq), thus increasing the solubility of BaF2.

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주요 개념

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Le Châtelier's Principle

Le Châtelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle is crucial for predicting how changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature will affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction.

Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

The solubility product constant (Ksp) is an equilibrium constant that applies to the solubility of sparingly soluble ionic compounds. It quantifies the extent to which a compound can dissolve in water, and changes in concentration of the ions can shift the equilibrium, affecting the solubility of the compound.

Common Ion Effect

The common ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic compound when a common ion is added to the solution. In the case of BaF2, adding HCl introduces Cl- ions, which can shift the equilibrium and reduce the solubility of BaF2 due to the increased concentration of one of its constituent ions.