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Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium문제 56a
18장, 문제 56a

Which state in each of the following pairs has the higher entropy per mole of substance? (a) H2 at 25 °C in a volume of 10 L or H2 at 25 °C in a volume of 50 L

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. In general, the greater the volume a gas occupies, the greater the number of possible positions and arrangements for the gas molecules, leading to higher entropy.
Consider the two states of H2 gas: one at 10 L and the other at 50 L, both at the same temperature of 25 °C.
Since both samples are at the same temperature, the kinetic energy of the molecules is the same in both cases. Therefore, temperature does not affect the comparison of entropy in this scenario.
The key difference between the two states is the volume. A larger volume allows for more possible microstates (ways to arrange the molecules), which increases the entropy.
Therefore, H2 at 25 °C in a volume of 50 L has higher entropy per mole of substance compared to H2 at 25 °C in a volume of 10 L.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
1m

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Entropy

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. In thermodynamics, it quantifies the number of microscopic configurations that correspond to a thermodynamic system's macroscopic state. Higher entropy indicates greater disorder and more available microstates, which is crucial for understanding the spontaneity of processes.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:46
Entropy in Thermodynamics

Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of an ideal gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law helps predict how gases behave under different conditions and is essential for understanding how changes in volume affect the entropy of a gas, as it influences the number of accessible microstates.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:15
Ideal Gas Law Formula

Volume and Entropy Relationship

For gases, an increase in volume generally leads to an increase in entropy. This is because a larger volume allows gas molecules to occupy more positions and configurations, resulting in greater disorder. Therefore, when comparing two states of the same substance at the same temperature, the state with the larger volume will typically have higher entropy.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:46
Entropy in Thermodynamics
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