You are on your dream vacation at the beach when a major storm knocks out the power for days. Your cell phone is dead, and you want to make a battery to charge it. You find the following materials in the beach house. blue stone algaecide for pools, which can be used to make a 1.0 M Cu²⁺ solution alum in the kitchen, which can be used to make a 1.0 M Al³⁺ solution aluminum foil, copper wire, and bologna, which can be used as a salt bridge. (d) An iPhone requires 5.0 V for charging. Can this battery charge the phone? Explain.

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the half-reactions for the copper and aluminum electrodes. The copper half-reaction is Cu^{2+} + 2e^- \(\rightarrow\) Cu, and the aluminum half-reaction is Al \(\rightarrow\) Al^{3+} + 3e^-.

Determine the standard reduction potentials for each half-reaction. The standard reduction potential for Cu^{2+} + 2e^- \(\rightarrow\) Cu is +0.34 V, and for Al^{3+} + 3e^- \(\rightarrow\) Al is -1.66 V.

Calculate the standard cell potential (E^\(\circ\)_{cell}) by using the formula E^\(\circ\)_{cell} = E^\(\circ\)_{cathode} - E^\(\circ\)_{anode}. Substitute the values: E^\(\circ\)_{cell} = 0.34 V - (-1.66 V).

Evaluate whether the calculated E^\(\circ\)_{cell} is greater than or equal to 5.0 V, which is the voltage required to charge the iPhone.

Conclude whether the battery can charge the phone based on the comparison of the calculated cell potential with the required voltage.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

11m

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Electrochemical Cells

Electrochemical cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions. In these cells, oxidation occurs at the anode, releasing electrons, while reduction occurs at the cathode, where electrons are accepted. Understanding how these cells function is crucial for determining if the materials available can create a viable battery to charge a device.

Standard Electrode Potentials

Standard electrode potentials are values that indicate the tendency of a species to be reduced, measured in volts. By calculating the difference in electrode potentials between the anode and cathode reactions, one can determine the overall voltage produced by the electrochemical cell. This is essential for assessing whether the battery can generate the required 5.0 V to charge the iPhone.

Salt Bridge Functionality

A salt bridge is a component of an electrochemical cell that maintains electrical neutrality by allowing the flow of ions between the two half-cells. It prevents the buildup of charge that would otherwise stop the reaction. In this scenario, using aluminum foil, copper wire, and bologna as a salt bridge is important to ensure the battery operates effectively and can sustain the necessary voltage for charging.