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Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 5th Edition
Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
18장, 문제 60

A 1.0-L buffer solution is 0.125 M in HNO2 and 0.145 M in NaNO2. Determine the concentrations of HNO2 and NaNO2 after the addition of each substance: a. 1.5 g HCl b. 1.5 g NaOH c. 1.5 g HI

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Calculate the moles of HCl added.
Step 2: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and the buffer components.
Step 3: Determine the initial moles of HNO2 and NaNO2 in the buffer solution.
Step 4: Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the change in moles of HNO2 and NaNO2 after the addition of HCl.
Step 5: Calculate the new concentrations of HNO2 and NaNO2 by dividing the final moles by the total volume of the solution.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Buffer Solutions

A buffer solution is a system that resists changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base. It typically consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. In this case, HNO2 (a weak acid) and NaNO2 (its conjugate base) form a buffer that helps maintain the pH when HCl is added.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
03:02
Buffer Solutions

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a buffer solution to the concentrations of its acid and conjugate base. It is expressed as pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]), where [A-] is the concentration of the base and [HA] is the concentration of the acid. This equation is essential for calculating the pH changes in the buffer after the addition of HCl.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:40
Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

Stoichiometry of Acid-Base Reactions

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions. When HCl, a strong acid, is added to the buffer, it reacts with the weak base (NaNO2) to form HNO2. Understanding the stoichiometric relationships allows for the determination of the new concentrations of HNO2 and NaNO2 after the reaction.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:09
Acid-Base Reaction