If 3.5 L of a 4.8 M SrCl₂solution is diluted to 45 L, what is the molarity of the diluted solution?

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Identify the initial conditions: the initial volume \( V_1 = 3.5 \) L and the initial molarity \( M_1 = 4.8 \) M.

Identify the final volume after dilution: \( V_2 = 45 \) L.

Use the dilution formula: \( M_1 \times V_1 = M_2 \times V_2 \), where \( M_2 \) is the molarity of the diluted solution.

Rearrange the formula to solve for \( M_2 \): \( M_2 = \frac{M_1 \times V_1}{V_2} \).

Substitute the known values into the equation: \( M_2 = \frac{4.8 \times 3.5}{45} \) to find the molarity of the diluted solution.

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주요 개념

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Molarity

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L) and is crucial for understanding how much solute is present in a given volume of solution. Molarity is commonly used in chemistry to prepare solutions and perform stoichiometric calculations.

Dilution

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, typically by adding more solvent. The dilution equation, M1V1 = M2V2, relates the initial and final molarity (M) and volume (V) of the solution. This concept is essential for calculating the new concentration after a solution has been diluted.

Conservation of Moles

The conservation of moles principle states that the number of moles of solute remains constant before and after dilution, assuming no solute is added or removed. This principle underlies the dilution equation and allows for the calculation of the final concentration by equating the moles of solute in the initial and diluted solutions.

If 3.5 L of a 4.8 M SrCl2 solution is diluted to 45 L, what is the molarity of the diluted solution?