Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

Tro - Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 6th Edition

Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

Tro 6th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements

문제 45

2장, 문제 45

A chemist in an imaginary universe, where electrons have a different charge than they do in our universe, performs the Millikan oil drop experiment to measure the electron's charge. The charges of several drops are recorded here. What is the charge of the electron in this imaginary universe?
Drop # Charge
A –6.9×10^–19 C
B –9.2×10^–19 C
C –11.5×10^–19 C
D –4.6×10^–19 C

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand that the Millikan oil drop experiment was designed to measure the charge of an electron. In this experiment, the charge on each oil drop is a multiple of the elementary charge (the charge of one electron).

Step 2: Look at the charges given for each drop. Notice that they are all negative, which is consistent with the negative charge of an electron.

Step 3: Find the greatest common factor (GCF) of the charges. This is because the charge of each drop is a multiple of the elementary charge, so the GCF should give the charge of a single electron.

Step 4: Convert the charges into the same units if they are not already. In this case, all charges are given in coulombs (C), so no conversion is necessary.

Step 5: Calculate the GCF of the charges. This can be done by listing the factors of each charge and finding the largest factor that they all share. This will give the charge of the electron in this imaginary universe.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

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주요 개념

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Millikan Oil Drop Experiment

The Millikan oil drop experiment is a pivotal experiment in physics and chemistry that measured the charge of the electron. By balancing the gravitational and electric forces on tiny oil droplets, Millikan was able to determine the charge of individual electrons. This experiment is foundational for understanding atomic structure and the quantization of electric charge.

Quantization of Charge

Quantization of charge refers to the principle that electric charge exists in discrete units, specifically as integer multiples of the elementary charge. In the context of the Millikan experiment, the charges measured on the oil drops should be multiples of the fundamental charge of the electron. This concept is crucial for interpreting the results of the experiment and understanding how charges interact.

Charge in Different Universes

The idea of charge in different universes suggests that fundamental constants, such as the charge of the electron, can vary in hypothetical scenarios. In this question, the electron has a different charge than in our universe, which requires recalculating the charge based on the provided measurements. Understanding how to adapt known principles to new contexts is essential for solving problems in theoretical chemistry.

관련 실천

교과서 질문

On a dry day, your body can accumulate static charge from walking across a carpet or from brushing your hair. If your body develops a charge of -22 mC (microcoulombs), what is their collective mass?

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교과서 질문

Which statements are inconsistent with Rutherford's nuclear theory as it was originally stated? Why? a. Since electrons are smaller than protons, and since a hydrogen atom contains only one proton and one electron, it must follow that the volume of a hydrogen atom is mostly due to the proton. b. A nitrogen atom has 7 protons in its nucleus and 7 electrons outside of its nucleus. c. A phosphorus atom has 15 protons in its nucleus and 150 electrons outside of its nucleus. d. The majority of the mass of a fluorine atom is due to its 9 electrons.

On a dry day, your body can accumulate static charge from walking across a carpet or from brushing your hair. If your body develops a charge of -22 µC (microcoulombs), how many excess electrons has it acquired?

교과서 질문

Which statements are inconsistent with Dalton's atomic theory as it was originally stated? Why? a. All carbon atoms are identical. b. An oxygen atom combines with 1.5 hydrogen atoms to form a water molecule. c. Two oxygen atoms combine with a carbon atom to form a carbon dioxide molecule. d. The formation of a compound often involves the destruction of one or more atoms.

1719

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교과서 질문

Imagine a unit of charge called the zorg. A chemist performs the oil drop experiment and measures the charge of each drop in zorgs. Based on the results shown here, what is the charge of the electron in zorgs (z)? How many electrons are in each drop?

Drop # Charge

A –4.8×10^–9 z

B –9.6×10^–9 z

C –6.4×10^–9 z

D –12.8×10^–9 z

Which statements are consistent with Rutherford's nuclear theory as it was originally stated? Why? a. The volume of an atom is mostly empty space. b. The nucleus of an atom is small compared to the size of the atom. c. Neutral lithium atoms contain more neutrons than protons. d. Neutral lithium atoms contain more protons than electrons.

883

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