During which stage of meiosis does crossing over (genetic recombination) occur?
A
Prophase I (specifically during pachytene)
B
Anaphase I
C
Prophase II
D
Metaphase I
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Recall that meiosis consists of two sequential divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II, each with distinct stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase).
Understand that crossing over, or genetic recombination, is the process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, increasing genetic diversity.
Identify that crossing over occurs during meiosis I, when homologous chromosomes pair up closely in a process called synapsis.
Focus on prophase I of meiosis I, which is subdivided into stages: leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.
Recognize that crossing over specifically happens during the pachytene stage of prophase I, when the synaptonemal complex is fully formed and homologous chromosomes exchange segments.