객관식
In genetics, what type of mutation involves a change in one or a few nucleotides within a DNA sequence?
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17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination
Types of Mutations
객관식
Which type of mutation most directly causes translation of an mRNA to stop prematurely by creating a stop codon within the coding sequence?
A
Silent (synonymous) mutation
B
In-frame insertion (addition of 3 nucleotides)
C
Missense mutation
D
Nonsense mutation
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the types of mutations and their effects on the protein sequence: Silent mutations do not change the amino acid sequence; missense mutations change one amino acid; in-frame insertions add amino acids without disrupting the reading frame; nonsense mutations introduce a premature stop codon.
Recall that translation stops when a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) is encountered in the mRNA sequence during protein synthesis.
Identify that a nonsense mutation changes a codon that originally coded for an amino acid into a stop codon, causing translation to terminate prematurely.
Recognize that this premature stop codon results in a truncated protein, which can affect protein function significantly.
Conclude that among the given options, the mutation type that most directly causes early termination of translation by creating a stop codon is the nonsense mutation.
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