In which stage of meiosis does crossing-over (genetic recombination between homologous chromosomes) occur?
A
Anaphase II
B
Prophase I (specifically the pachytene stage)
C
Metaphase I
D
Telophase I
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Recall the main stages of meiosis: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, followed by Meiosis II stages (Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II).
Understand that crossing-over is the process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, increasing genetic diversity.
Identify that crossing-over occurs during Prophase I, when homologous chromosomes pair up tightly in a process called synapsis.
Focus on the pachytene stage of Prophase I, which is when the synaptonemal complex is fully formed and crossing-over takes place.
Note that crossing-over does not occur during Anaphase II, Metaphase I, or Telophase I, as these stages involve chromosome alignment or separation, not recombination.