If Benedict's test is used on the following carbohydrates, which will show negative results?

I. amylose

II. amylopectin

III. sucrose

IV. glycogen

D-galactose is another sugar that primarily exists as a hemiacetal in solution without an aldehyde group present. How do mild oxidizing agents manage to react with galactose?

The oxidation of D-mannose using Tollens' reagent can convert its aldehyde functional group into a carboxylic acid. Propose the plausible structure of mannuronic acid.

Draw Fischer projections for the alcohol and sugar acid products resulting from the reduction and mild oxidation of D-threose. Provide their names.

Which of the following illustrates the Fischer projection of the product formed when D-mannose is oxidized at the C1 position?