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Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives문제 38
17장, 문제 38

Write the equation for the ionization of hexanoic acid in water at pH 7.4.

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1
Hexanoic acid (C₆H₁₂O₂) is a weak acid, so it partially ionizes in water. The general reaction for the ionization of a weak acid is: HA + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + A⁻, where HA is the weak acid and A⁻ is its conjugate base.
In this case, hexanoic acid (C₆H₁₂O₂) acts as HA. When it reacts with water, it donates a proton (H⁺) to water, forming hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) and the conjugate base, hexanoate ion (C₆H₁₁O₂⁻).
The chemical equation for the ionization of hexanoic acid in water is: C₆H₁₂O₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + C₆H₁₁O₂⁻.
At pH 7.4, the solution is slightly basic, but hexanoic acid will still partially ionize because it is a weak acid. The extent of ionization depends on its acid dissociation constant (Ka).
To fully understand the behavior of hexanoic acid at pH 7.4, you would compare the pH to the pKa of hexanoic acid. If pH > pKa, the conjugate base (C₆H₁₁O₂⁻) will predominate; if pH < pKa, the undissociated acid (C₆H₁₂O₂) will predominate.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Ionization of Acids

Ionization refers to the process by which an acid donates a proton (H+) to water, resulting in the formation of its conjugate base and hydronium ions (H3O+). For weak acids like hexanoic acid, this process is not complete, and the equilibrium between the undissociated acid and its ions is established.
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가이드 코스
02:22
Auto-Ionization and Kw

pH and Acid-Base Equilibrium

pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, influencing the degree of ionization of weak acids. At a specific pH, such as 7.4, the ratio of ionized to unionized forms of the acid can be determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which relates pH to pKa and the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base.

Hexanoic Acid Structure

Hexanoic acid, a six-carbon fatty acid, has the chemical formula C6H12O2. Its structure includes a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) that is responsible for its acidic properties. Understanding its molecular structure is essential for writing the correct ionization equation and predicting its behavior in aqueous solutions.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
0:56
Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids Example 2
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