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Periodic Table: Group Names definitions

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  • Period
    A horizontal row on the periodic table, currently totaling seven, which may increase as new elements are discovered or synthesized.
  • Group
    A vertical column on the periodic table, also called a family or series, containing elements with similar chemical properties.
  • Family
    A set of elements in the same vertical column, sharing similar chemical behaviors due to their electron arrangements.
  • Series
    Another term for a vertical column on the periodic table, emphasizing the sequence of elements with related properties.
  • Alkali Metals
    Elements in group 1, from lithium to francium, known for high reactivity and similar chemical characteristics.
  • Alkaline Earth Metals
    Elements in group 2, from beryllium to radium, recognized for their reactivity and distinct group properties.
  • Nyctogens
    Elements in group 15, including nitrogen and its group members, sharing related chemical traits.
  • Chalcogens
    Elements in group 16, such as oxygen and its group, noted for their common chemical features.
  • Halogens
    Elements in group 17, like fluorine and its group, characterized by high reactivity and similar behaviors.
  • Noble Gases
    Elements in group 18, once called inert gases, known for their stability and low reactivity, though some can form compounds.
  • Inert Gases
    A traditional name for group 18 elements, reflecting their perceived lack of reactivity, now known to have exceptions.
  • Lanthanides
    A series of elements placed below the main table, following lanthanum, often shown in a separate row for clarity.
  • Actinides
    A series of elements located below the main table, following actinium, displayed separately for presentation purposes.
  • Electron Arrangement
    The specific distribution of electrons in an atom, influencing chemical properties and group similarities.