Includes many types of movement that utilize pili and flagella.
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Understand that bacterial movement is a response to environmental stimuli, which can be towards (positive taxis) or away (negative taxis) from the stimulus.
Recognize that bacteria do not use cilia for movement; instead, they primarily use flagella, which are whip-like structures that rotate to propel the bacterium.
Learn about the 'run and tumble' mechanism, which is a common movement pattern in bacteria. During a 'run,' the bacterium moves in a straight line, and during a 'tumble,' it reorients itself to change direction.
Identify that pili are hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria that can be involved in movement, particularly in a process called 'twitching motility,' where the pili extend and retract to pull the bacterium forward.
Conclude that bacterial movement includes various mechanisms involving both pili and flagella, allowing them to navigate their environment effectively.