교과서 질문
The nature of bacterial capsules ___________ .
a. Causes widespread blood clotting
b. Allows phagocytes to readily engulf these bacteria
c. Affects the virulence of these bacteria
d. Has no effect on the virulence of bacteria
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7. Prokaryotic Cell Structures & Functions
The Glycocalyx: Capsules & Slime Layers
Multiple Choice
Which bacterial surface structure primarily helps protect bacteria from being phagocytized by host immune cells?
A
Fimbriae (attachment pili)
B
Capsule (organized glycocalyx)
C
Flagellum
D
Endospore
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the role of each bacterial surface structure listed: Fimbriae (attachment pili) help bacteria adhere to surfaces, Flagellum aids in bacterial motility, Endospore is a dormant, resistant structure for survival, and Capsule is an organized glycocalyx surrounding the cell.
Recall that phagocytosis is a process where host immune cells engulf and destroy bacteria as a defense mechanism.
Recognize that the bacterial capsule, being a thick, organized layer of polysaccharides or proteins outside the cell wall, acts as a physical barrier that prevents immune cells from easily recognizing and engulfing the bacteria.
Compare the functions: while fimbriae and flagella have roles in attachment and movement, and endospores in survival, the capsule specifically provides protection against phagocytosis by masking bacterial surface antigens and inhibiting immune cell binding.
Conclude that the bacterial capsule is the primary surface structure that helps protect bacteria from being phagocytized by host immune cells.
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