객관식
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. They are known as:
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3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology
Ionic Bonding
객관식
When are atoms most stable?
A
When they have the fewest possible valence electrons
B
When they have the maximum number of unpaired electrons.
C
When the valence shell is completely full of electrons
D
None of the above.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand the concept of atomic stability: Atoms are most stable when their outermost electron shell, known as the valence shell, is full. This is because a full valence shell results in a lower energy state, making the atom less reactive.
Review the electron configuration: Electrons are arranged in shells around the nucleus of an atom. The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second up to 8, and so on. The stability of an atom is often related to the configuration of these electrons.
Consider the octet rule: For many elements, particularly those in the second period of the periodic table, having eight electrons in the valence shell (an octet) is associated with maximum stability. This is why noble gases, which naturally have full valence shells, are very stable.
Evaluate the given options: Analyze each option in the context of atomic stability. The first option suggests stability with few valence electrons, which is generally not true as incomplete valence shells are more reactive. The second option suggests maximum unpaired electrons, which is not a criterion for stability.
Conclude with the correct understanding: The correct answer is that atoms are most stable when their valence shell is completely full of electrons, as this configuration minimizes energy and maximizes stability.
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