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Acellular Infectious Agents: Viruses, Viroids & Prions quiz #3

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이 집합의 용어 (30)

  • Some viruses, such as human herpesvirus 1, infect a cell without causing symptoms. These are called

    These are called latent viruses.

  • Which group of organisms are viroids (not viruses) most likely to parasitize?

    Viroids most commonly parasitize plants.

  • A(n) ______ is an infectious protein and is simpler than a virus.

    A prion is an infectious protein and is simpler than a virus.

  • Select the two characteristics that all viruses share.

    All viruses have genetic material and a protein coat.

  • What is the main function of the viral capsid and envelope?

    The capsid and envelope protect the viral genome and aid in host cell attachment.

  • Place the statements about viroids and prions into the correct columns. Not all statements are used.

    Viroids: Infect plants, made of circular RNA. Prions: Infectious proteins, cause degenerative diseases.

  • What are the components common to all virions?

    All virions have genetic material and a protein capsid.

  • Measles viruses are capable of inactivating host defenses by

    Measles viruses can suppress the host immune response.

  • Emerging viruses that infect human cells can originate from __________.

    Emerging viruses can originate from animal reservoirs.

  • In which step do bacteriophages and animal viruses not differ significantly?

    Both bacteriophages and animal viruses attach to host cells.

  • Helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus

    Helical and icosahedral describe the shapes of viral capsids.

  • What are the three parts that make up the structure of most viruses?

    Most viruses have genetic material, a protein capsid, and sometimes an envelope.

  • Budding is the release of ______ viruses.

    Budding is the release of enveloped viruses.

  • Which characteristic of viruses prevents them from being used as evidence to support cell theory?

    Viruses are acellular, so they do not support cell theory.

  • What are the characteristics of a virus?

    Viruses are acellular, have genetic material, and require a host to replicate.

  • Mad cow disease is caused by a noncellular infectious agent called a

    Mad cow disease is caused by a prion.

  • A common characteristic of viral pneumonia is

    Viral pneumonia often presents with nonproductive cough and diffuse lung involvement.

  • Viroids are tiny molecules of circular _____ that are important infectious agents of _____.

    Viroids are tiny molecules of circular RNA that infect plants.

  • The limitation of the type of cell that a virus can invade is called the

    The limitation is called the host range.

  • Virus nucleic acid is injected into host cell

    The viral genome is injected into the host cell during infection.

  • What process can viruses carry out?

    Viruses can replicate only inside a host cell.

  • All viruses are made up of two components. These components are

    All viruses have genetic material and a protein capsid.

  • Bacteriophages derive all of the following from the host cell except

    Bacteriophages do not derive their protein capsid from the host cell.

  • A retrovirus has a genome that consists of __________.

    A retrovirus has a genome consisting of RNA.

  • What structure is found in viruses but not in cells?

    The protein capsid is found in viruses but not in cells.

  • The nucleocapsid is composed of ______.

    The nucleocapsid is composed of the viral genome and the protein capsid.

  • A prion is best described as ______.

    A prion is a misfolded infectious protein.

  • Endotoxins are also known as

    Endotoxins are also known as lipopolysaccharides from bacterial cell walls.

  • The nucleocapsid is composed of

    The nucleocapsid is composed of the viral genome and the protein capsid.

  • A(n) ________ is the portion of virus code that is unique to a particular computer virus.

    This refers to computer viruses; in biology, viruses have unique genetic sequences.