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Smallpox quiz

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  • What virus causes smallpox?
    Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, a double-stranded DNA virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus.
  • How does smallpox initially enter the human body?
    Smallpox initially enters the body through the upper respiratory tract.
  • How does the variola virus spread throughout the body after initial infection?
    The virus spreads systemically via the blood and lymphatic system, infecting organs and the skin.
  • What are the characteristic skin symptoms of smallpox?
    Smallpox causes a severe skin rash with lesions that progress from vesicles to pustules, often resulting in severe scarring.
  • How is smallpox transmitted from person to person?
    Smallpox spreads mainly through inhalation of respiratory droplets and direct contact with lesions or contaminated materials.
  • How does the contagiousness of smallpox compare to measles?
    Smallpox is less contagious than measles but much more deadly.
  • What was the estimated global death toll from smallpox in the twentieth century?
    Smallpox caused an estimated 300 to 500 million deaths worldwide in the twentieth century.
  • What is the fatality rate of smallpox in unvaccinated individuals?
    The fatality rate is about 30% in unvaccinated individuals.
  • What are the initial symptoms of smallpox before the rash appears?
    Initial symptoms include high fever, fatigue, and malaise.
  • How was smallpox primarily diagnosed before its eradication?
    Diagnosis was mainly based on the visual appearance and distribution of skin lesions.
  • What type of treatment was available for smallpox before eradication?
    Treatment was supportive, focusing on symptom management and patient isolation; there was no specific antiviral therapy.
  • How can immunity to smallpox be achieved?
    Immunity can be achieved through vaccination with the smallpox vaccine.
  • What year was smallpox declared eradicated worldwide?
    Smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980.
  • Why is smallpox eradication considered a major milestone in public health?
    It was the first and only human disease to be fully eradicated, demonstrating the effectiveness of vaccination.
  • What organs and tissues can smallpox damage besides the skin?
    Smallpox can damage blood vessels, immune tissues, the liver, and the lungs.