Which of the following could inform you if your patient had a previous infection with a nonpersistent virus and recovered? Select all that apply.
a. A PCR test
b. A plaque assay
c. An ELISA test
d. An agglutination assay

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the nature of the virus and the tests. A nonpersistent virus is one that the immune system clears completely after infection, so the virus itself is no longer present in the body after recovery.

Step 2: Consider what each test detects. A PCR test detects viral genetic material, which would only be present if the virus is currently in the body, not after recovery from a nonpersistent virus.

Step 3: A plaque assay measures active, infectious virus particles by counting plaques formed on a cell layer, so it also indicates current infection rather than past infection.

Step 4: An ELISA test detects antibodies produced by the immune system in response to the virus. Since antibodies can remain after the virus is cleared, ELISA can indicate previous infection and recovery.

Step 5: An agglutination assay also detects antibodies or antigens by clumping reactions, so it can be used to detect antibodies indicating past infection as well.

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주요 개념

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Nonpersistent Viral Infection and Immune Memory

Nonpersistent viruses cause infections that the immune system clears completely, leaving no ongoing infection. However, the body often retains immune memory through antibodies, which can be detected to indicate past exposure and recovery.

PCR Test for Viral Detection

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detects viral genetic material, indicating current infection. It cannot confirm past infections once the virus is cleared, as no viral DNA or RNA remains in the body.

Serological Tests (ELISA and Agglutination Assays)

Serological tests like ELISA and agglutination detect antibodies produced in response to infection. These antibodies persist after recovery, making these tests useful for identifying previous infections with nonpersistent viruses.

Which of the following could inform you if your patient had a previous infection with a nonpersistent virus and recovered? Select all that apply. a. A PCR testb. A plaque assayc. An ELISA testd. An agglutination assay