Which of the following statements about E. coli is false?
a. E. coli was the first disease-causing bacterium identified by Koch.
b. E. coli is part of the normal microbiome of humans.
c. E. coli is beneficial in human intestines.
d. E. coli gets nutrients from intestinal contents.
e. None of the above; all the statements are true.

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the context of each statement about E. coli by recalling key microbiology facts about this bacterium.

Step 2: Evaluate statement (a): 'E. coli was the first disease-causing bacterium identified by Koch.' Recall that Robert Koch identified Bacillus anthracis as the first bacterium linked to a disease (anthrax), not E. coli.

Step 3: Review statement (b): 'E. coli is part of the normal microbiome of humans.' Confirm that E. coli is indeed a common and normal resident of the human gut microbiome.

Step 4: Consider statement (c): 'E. coli is beneficial in human intestines.' Recognize that many strains of E. coli contribute to vitamin K production and help maintain gut health, so this is true.

Step 5: Analyze statement (d): 'E. coli gets nutrients from intestinal contents.' Understand that E. coli obtains nutrients by metabolizing compounds present in the intestines, making this statement true.

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주요 개념

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Historical Identification of Disease-Causing Bacteria

Robert Koch was a pioneering microbiologist who identified several disease-causing bacteria, but E. coli was not the first. Koch is credited with discovering the causative agents of tuberculosis and cholera, establishing the germ theory of disease through his postulates.

E. coli as Part of the Normal Human Microbiome

Escherichia coli is a common bacterium residing in the human gut as part of the normal microbiome. While some strains can cause disease, many E. coli strains coexist harmlessly and contribute to gut health by aiding digestion and preventing colonization by pathogens.

Nutritional Role and Benefits of E. coli in the Intestines

E. coli obtains nutrients from the intestinal contents, such as undigested food and mucus. Beneficial strains help synthesize vitamins like vitamin K and support the immune system, illustrating their positive role in human intestinal health.