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Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology
Tortora - Microbiology: An Introduction 14th Edition
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Tortora 14th EditionCh. 27 - Environmental Microbiology문제 3
23장, 문제 3

For the following question, answer whether
a. The process takes place under aerobic conditions.
b. The process takes place under anaerobic conditions.
c. The amount of oxygen doesn’t make any difference.


Nitrogen fixation

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the process of nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N\_2) into ammonia (NH\_3), which can be used by plants and other organisms.
Step 2: Recall that nitrogenase, the enzyme complex responsible for nitrogen fixation, is highly sensitive to oxygen and is inactivated by it.
Step 3: Recognize that because nitrogenase is oxygen-sensitive, nitrogen fixation typically occurs under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions to protect the enzyme from inactivation.
Step 4: Consider that some nitrogen-fixing bacteria have adaptations to protect nitrogenase from oxygen, but the process itself fundamentally requires an environment where oxygen is limited or absent.
Step 5: Conclude that nitrogen fixation takes place under anaerobic conditions, so the correct answer corresponds to option b.

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이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Nitrogen Fixation

Nitrogen fixation is the biological process where atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) is converted into ammonia (NH₃), a form usable by plants. This process is primarily carried out by certain bacteria and archaea, often in symbiosis with plants, enabling nitrogen to enter the ecosystem's nutrient cycle.
추천 영상:
07:21
5 Nitrogenous Bases

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Conditions

Aerobic conditions require oxygen, while anaerobic conditions occur without oxygen. Microbial processes can be strictly aerobic, anaerobic, or facultative, meaning oxygen presence can influence or inhibit certain biochemical pathways, including nitrogen fixation.
추천 영상:
03:35
Anaerobic Respiration

Oxygen Sensitivity of Nitrogenase Enzyme

The nitrogenase enzyme complex responsible for nitrogen fixation is highly sensitive to oxygen, which can inactivate it. Therefore, nitrogen fixation typically occurs under anaerobic or microaerophilic conditions, or within specialized structures that protect nitrogenase from oxygen exposure.
추천 영상:
02:25
Enzymes Example 1
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a. The process takes place under aerobic conditions.

b. The process takes place under anaerobic conditions.

c. The amount of oxygen doesn’t make any difference.


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c. The amount of oxygen doesn’t make any difference.


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