Which of the following reactions is undesirable in winemaking?
a. Sucrose → ethanol
b. Ethanol → acetic acid
c. Malic acid → lactic acid
d. Glucose → pyruvic acid

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the context of winemaking and the role of each reaction. Winemaking primarily involves fermentation, where sugars are converted into ethanol by yeast.

Step 2: Analyze each reaction: (a) Sucrose → ethanol represents the fermentation of sugar to alcohol, which is a desired process in winemaking.

Step 3: Reaction (b) Ethanol → acetic acid involves the oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid, which leads to vinegar formation and spoilage, making it undesirable in winemaking.

Step 4: Reaction (c) Malic acid → lactic acid is malolactic fermentation, a process that softens wine acidity and is often desirable in winemaking.

Step 5: Reaction (d) Glucose → pyruvic acid is a step in glycolysis, a normal metabolic pathway leading to fermentation, so it is not undesirable.

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주요 개념

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Fermentation in Winemaking

Fermentation is the biochemical process where yeast converts sugars like sucrose and glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This reaction is essential in winemaking as it produces alcohol, the primary desired product, and influences the wine's flavor and aroma.

Acetic Acid Formation and Wine Spoilage

The conversion of ethanol to acetic acid is typically caused by acetic acid bacteria and is undesirable in winemaking. This reaction leads to vinegar-like off-flavors, spoilage, and a decrease in wine quality, making it a negative reaction to avoid.

Malolactic Fermentation

Malolactic fermentation is a secondary fermentation where malic acid is converted into lactic acid by bacteria. This process softens the wine's acidity, improves mouthfeel, and is generally considered beneficial in many wine styles.

Which of the following reactions is undesirable in winemaking?a. Sucrose → ethanolb. Ethanol → acetic acidc. Malic acid → lactic acidd. Glucose → pyruvic acid