What is the major organic product obtained when reacts with aqueous under reflux conditions?
A
(1-propanol)
B
(2-propanol)
C
(1-bromopropane)
D
(propyl ether)
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1
Identify the type of reaction: 1-bromopropane is a primary alkyl halide, and aqueous NaOH is a nucleophile and a base. Under reflux conditions, the reaction typically proceeds via nucleophilic substitution (SN2) rather than elimination.
Determine the nucleophile and electrophile: The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) from aqueous NaOH acts as the nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon bonded to the bromine atom in 1-bromopropane.
Describe the mechanism: In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbon bearing the leaving group (Br) from the backside, leading to a one-step displacement of the bromide ion and inversion of configuration at that carbon.
Write the substitution reaction: The bromine atom is replaced by the hydroxide group, converting 1-bromopropane (CH₃CH₂CH₂Br) into 1-propanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH). The reaction can be represented as: \(\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2Br + OH^- \rightarrow CH_3CH_2CH_2OH + Br^-}\)
Conclude the major product: Since the reaction is SN2 on a primary alkyl halide with a strong nucleophile in aqueous solution, the major organic product is 1-propanol.