객관식
Why are there multiple ways to represent molecules in organic chemistry?
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2. Molecular Representations
Functional Groups
객관식
Which of the following best describes the effect of substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon molecule?
A
It has no significant effect on the chemical properties of the compound.
B
It increases the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, making it an alkene.
C
It transforms the hydrocarbon into an alcohol by adding an group.
D
It converts the hydrocarbon into a haloalkane, introducing new chemical reactivity due to the presence of the halogen atom.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Understand that a hydrocarbon is a compound made up only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, typically with nonpolar C-H bonds.
Recognize that substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen (such as F, Cl, Br, or I) replaces one C-H bond with a C-halogen bond, forming a haloalkane (also called an alkyl halide).
Recall that haloalkanes have different chemical properties compared to hydrocarbons because the C-halogen bond is polar and more reactive, allowing for reactions like nucleophilic substitution and elimination.
Note that this substitution does not increase the number of carbon atoms, so it does not create an alkene, nor does it add an OH group to form an alcohol.
Conclude that the key effect of halogen substitution is the introduction of new chemical reactivity due to the polar C-halogen bond, transforming the hydrocarbon into a haloalkane.
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