객관식
Which of the following best describes the Lewis structure of ethylamine ()?
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1. A Review of General Chemistry
Lewis Structure
객관식
Which of the following best describes the correct Lewis structure for (nitric acid)?
A
The nitrogen atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms with double bonds and one oxygen atom with a single bond, and the hydrogen is bonded to the nitrogen.
B
The nitrogen atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms, one of which is also bonded to a hydrogen atom; one bond is a double bond, the other two are single bonds, and there is one formal positive charge on nitrogen and one formal negative charge on one oxygen.
C
The nitrogen atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms, all with double bonds, and the hydrogen is bonded to one of the oxygens.
D
The nitrogen atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms, each with a single bond, and the hydrogen atom is bonded directly to the nitrogen.
검증된 단계별 안내1
Recall that nitric acid (HNO\_3) consists of one nitrogen atom, three oxygen atoms, and one hydrogen atom, and the Lewis structure must satisfy the octet rule and formal charge considerations.
Start by placing the nitrogen atom in the center because it is less electronegative than oxygen, and arrange the three oxygen atoms around it.
Connect the nitrogen atom to each oxygen atom with bonds; consider that one oxygen will be bonded to hydrogen, forming an -OH group, so the hydrogen is attached to an oxygen, not directly to nitrogen.
Assign one nitrogen-oxygen bond as a double bond to satisfy the octet rule and minimize formal charges, while the other two nitrogen-oxygen bonds are single bonds; one of these single-bonded oxygens carries the hydrogen atom.
Calculate formal charges for each atom to ensure the most stable structure: nitrogen will have a formal positive charge, one oxygen (without hydrogen) will have a formal negative charge, and the other oxygens will be neutral, confirming the correct Lewis structure.
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