객관식
Which of the following best describes the correct Lewis structure for (also written as )?
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1. A Review of General Chemistry
Lewis Structure
객관식
Which of the following best represents the correct Lewis structure for the cyanide ion ?
A
A triple bond between carbon and nitrogen, with a lone pair on each atom and a negative charge on carbon
B
A triple bond between carbon and nitrogen, with a negative charge on nitrogen and no lone pairs
C
A single bond between carbon and nitrogen, with three lone pairs on each atom and a negative charge on carbon
D
A double bond between carbon and nitrogen, with two lone pairs on each atom and a negative charge on nitrogen
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons for the cyanide ion (CN⁻). Carbon has 4 valence electrons, nitrogen has 5, and the negative charge adds 1 extra electron, so total electrons = 4 + 5 + 1 = 10.
Step 2: Connect the carbon and nitrogen atoms with a bond. Since cyanide is a diatomic ion, start with a single bond between C and N, which uses 2 electrons.
Step 3: Distribute the remaining electrons to satisfy the octet rule for both atoms. Place lone pairs on nitrogen and carbon to complete their octets, considering the total of 10 electrons.
Step 4: Adjust bonding to achieve full octets and minimize formal charges. Try forming multiple bonds (double or triple) between carbon and nitrogen and assign lone pairs accordingly.
Step 5: Calculate formal charges for each atom using the formula: Formal charge = (Valence electrons) - (Nonbonding electrons) - 1/2(Bonding electrons). The best Lewis structure has minimal formal charges, with the negative charge localized on the atom that best stabilizes it (carbon in this case).
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