In the context of bacterial conjugation, what is the primary difference between an bacterium and an bacterium?
A
An bacterium can transfer its entire chromosome during conjugation, while an bacterium can only transfer the plasmid.
B
An bacterium is resistant to antibiotics, while an bacterium is not.
C
An bacterium contains a free-floating plasmid, while an bacterium has the plasmid integrated into its chromosome.
D
An bacterium can only conjugate with other bacteria, while an bacterium can conjugate with any type of bacterium.
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Understand the concept of bacterial conjugation: Bacterial conjugation is a process where genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells through direct contact.
Identify the role of the F plasmid: The F plasmid (fertility plasmid) is a piece of DNA that can be transferred during conjugation, allowing the recipient bacterium to become capable of conjugation itself.
Differentiate between F+ and Hfr bacteria: An F+ bacterium contains a free-floating F plasmid, which means the plasmid is separate from the bacterial chromosome. An Hfr bacterium has the F plasmid integrated into its chromosome.
Consider the implications of plasmid integration: In Hfr bacteria, the integration of the F plasmid into the chromosome allows for the transfer of chromosomal genes during conjugation, not just the plasmid itself.
Summarize the primary difference: The key difference is that F+ bacteria have a separate F plasmid, while Hfr bacteria have the F plasmid integrated into their chromosome, affecting the type of genetic material transferred during conjugation.