객관식
Which of the following statements correctly describes the aromaticity of benzene ()?
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18. Aromaticity
Aromaticity
객관식
Which of the following molecules is aromatic? 1. (benzene) 2. (cyclobutadiene) 3. (cyclopentadienyl anion) 4. (tropylium ion)
A
Only 2 and 3 are aromatic
B
Only 1 and 2 are aromatic
C
1, 3, and 4 are aromatic
D
All four are aromatic
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검증된 단계별 안내1
Recall the criteria for aromaticity: a molecule must be cyclic, planar, fully conjugated (p orbitals at every atom in the ring), and follow Hückel's rule, which states it must have (4n + 2) π electrons, where n is a non-negative integer.
Analyze benzene (C\_6H\_6): It is a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds, planar, fully conjugated, and has 6 π electrons. Since 6 fits Hückel's rule (4n + 2 = 6 when n=1), benzene is aromatic.
Analyze cyclobutadiene (C\_4H\_4): It is a four-membered ring with two double bonds, but it has 4 π electrons. 4 does not satisfy Hückel's rule (4n + 2), and cyclobutadiene is known to be antiaromatic or non-aromatic due to instability and lack of aromatic stabilization.
Analyze cyclopentadienyl anion (C\_5H\_5\^-): This five-membered ring has 6 π electrons (4 from double bonds plus 2 from the negative charge). It is planar and fully conjugated, and 6 π electrons satisfy Hückel's rule, so it is aromatic.
Analyze tropylium ion (C\_7H\_7\^+): This seven-membered ring cation has 6 π electrons (from three double bonds), is planar and fully conjugated. With 6 π electrons, it satisfies Hückel's rule and is aromatic.
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