Which of the following products can be synthesized starting with and using any other reagents?
A
(toluene)
B
(phenol)
C
(nitrobenzene)
D
(benzoic acid)
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1
Identify the starting material: benzene (\(C_6H_6\)). The question asks which products can be synthesized from benzene using any reagents.
Consider the possible transformations of benzene to each product: toluene (\(C_6H_5CH_3\)), phenol (\(C_6H_5OH\)), nitrobenzene (\(C_6H_5NO_2\)), and benzoic acid (\(C_6H_5COOH\)).
Recall that nitration of benzene to form nitrobenzene is a classic electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction using a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid (nitrating mixture). This reaction is straightforward and commonly taught.
For toluene, phenol, and benzoic acid, consider the synthetic routes starting from benzene: toluene requires alkylation (Friedel-Crafts alkylation), phenol synthesis is more complex and typically not direct from benzene, and benzoic acid usually comes from oxidation of alkylbenzenes rather than direct functionalization of benzene.
Conclude that nitrobenzene can be synthesized directly from benzene by nitration, while the other products require additional steps or are not directly accessible from benzene alone under simple conditions.