Show how the given conversion can be achieved with a good yield. Provide any necessary reagents.

Devise a synthesis for the following alkenes using the Wittig reaction starting with an alkyl halide and a ketone or an aldehyde.

Draw the products of the reaction shown below.

(i) Outline the syntheses shown below, using aldehydes and alkyl halides as your starting materials.

(ii) Show how to make penta-1,3-diene via the formation of the terminal double bond.

Propose a synthetic pathway to prepare the following compound using cyclopentanone as the starting material.

Show how hexanal can be synthesized using the starting material given below with any necessary reagent.

• Hexanoic acid

Show how the following conversion can be carried out using suitable reagents.

Show how the following compounds can be synthesized starting with a reactant having not more than six carbons.