Which of the following are not acids? CH3COOH, CO2 , HNO2 , HCOOH, CCl4

Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry

Bruice8th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213711당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경

모든 교과서

Bruice 8th Edition

Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry

문제 1

2장, 문제 1

Which of the following are not acids?
CH₃COOH, CO₂ , HNO₂ , HCOOH, CCl₄

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the definition of an acid. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H⁺). Alternatively, in the Lewis theory, an acid is a substance that can accept an electron pair.

Step 2: Analyze each compound individually to determine if it can act as an acid. For example, CH₃COOH (acetic acid) contains a carboxylic acid group (-COOH), which is capable of donating a proton, making it an acid.

Step 3: Examine CO₂. Carbon dioxide does not have a proton to donate directly, but it can react with water to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃). However, CO₂ itself is not considered an acid under the Brønsted-Lowry definition.

Step 4: Evaluate HNO₂ (nitrous acid) and HCOOH (formic acid). Both contain hydrogen atoms bonded to electronegative groups, making them capable of donating protons and thus qualifying as acids.

Step 5: Assess CCl₄ (carbon tetrachloride). This compound is a nonpolar molecule with no hydrogen atoms to donate as protons and no ability to accept electron pairs, so it is not an acid under either the Brønsted-Lowry or Lewis definitions.

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Acids and Their Properties

Acids are substances that can donate protons (H+) in a chemical reaction. They typically have a sour taste and can turn blue litmus paper red. Common examples include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and nitric acid (HNO2). Understanding the properties of acids helps in identifying which compounds in a list can act as acids.

Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory

The Brønsted-Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors. This concept is crucial for determining whether a substance is an acid based on its ability to release protons in solution. For instance, carbon dioxide (CO2) does not donate protons, making it a non-acidic compound.

Non-Acidic Compounds

Non-acidic compounds do not exhibit the properties of acids, such as proton donation. For example, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a non-polar solvent and does not participate in acid-base reactions. Recognizing non-acidic compounds is essential for correctly answering questions about acidity in organic chemistry.