Step 1: Recognize that the problem involves finding the limit of a function as x approaches 0. The function given is \( \frac{\sqrt{x+1} - 1}{x} \).
Step 2: To solve this limit, consider using the technique of rationalizing the numerator. Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the numerator, which is \( \sqrt{x+1} + 1 \).
Step 3: After multiplying, the expression becomes \( \frac{(\sqrt{x+1} - 1)(\sqrt{x+1} + 1)}{x(\sqrt{x+1} + 1)} \). The numerator simplifies to \( (x+1) - 1 = x \).
Step 4: Substitute the simplified numerator back into the expression, resulting in \( \frac{x}{x(\sqrt{x+1} + 1)} \).
Step 5: Cancel the \( x \) in the numerator and denominator, leaving \( \frac{1}{\sqrt{x+1} + 1} \). Evaluate the limit as \( x \to 0 \), which simplifies to \( \frac{1}{2} \).