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Information Processing Model definitions

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  • Information Processing Model
    A framework comparing human memory to computer operations, emphasizing sequential stages of handling information.
  • Encoding
    The transformation of sensory input into neural signals, allowing the brain to interpret and process data.
  • Storage
    The maintenance of information over time within distinct memory systems, ensuring data is preserved for future use.
  • Retrieval
    The process of accessing previously stored information, enabling recall and use of memories when needed.
  • Sensory Memory
    A brief initial stage that holds incoming sensory information for a fraction of a second before further processing.
  • Short-Term Memory
    A temporary storage system that retains limited information for a short duration, crucial for immediate tasks.
  • Long-Term Memory
    A durable storage system capable of holding vast amounts of information for extended periods, supporting lasting recall.
  • Hippocampus
    A brain structure essential for consolidating new memories, facilitating the transfer from short-term to long-term storage.
  • Consolidation
    The process by which short-term memories are stabilized and integrated into long-term storage, enhancing retention.
  • Sensory Register
    A component that briefly captures raw sensory data, acting as the gateway for information entering the memory system.
  • Working Memory
    An active system for manipulating and managing information held temporarily, supporting reasoning and comprehension.
  • Long-Term Potentiation
    A neural mechanism that strengthens synaptic connections, underlying the formation and retention of long-term memories.
  • Recall
    The act of retrieving information from memory without external cues, demonstrating the effectiveness of retrieval processes.
  • Cognitive Processes
    Mental activities involved in acquiring, storing, and using knowledge, fundamental to understanding memory and learning.