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Introduction to Psychology - Chapter 1 Key Concepts

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이 집합의 용어 (24)

  • What is psychological science?

    Psychological science is the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.

  • What are the three main things psychology studies?

    Psychology studies the mind, brain, and behavior.

  • What are mental processes?

    Mental processes are internal activities like thinking, remembering, feeling, and decision-making.

  • What is behavior?

    Behavior refers to observable actions that a person performs.

  • Is psychology only the study of mental disorders?

    No. Psychology covers a broad range of human experiences, not just mental disorders.

  • What is critical thinking?

    Critical thinking means carefully evaluating evidence and reasoning instead of automatically accepting information as true.

  • What question should you ask when using critical thinking?

    Ask: "What is the evidence?" to evaluate claims critically.

  • What is a bias?

    A bias is a tendency that can influence thinking or judgment, often unconsciously.

  • Are people always aware of their own weaknesses?

    No. People often have difficulty accurately evaluating their own abilities.

  • What is the Dunning–Kruger effect?

    The Dunning–Kruger effect is when people with limited knowledge or skill overestimate their ability.

  • Easy way to remember the Dunning–Kruger effect?

    "You don't know what you don't know." This summarizes the effect.

  • Are psychological questions new?

    No. People have asked questions about the mind and behavior for thousands of years.

  • What is the difference between psychological questions and psychology as a science?

    The questions are old, but psychology as a scientific discipline is relatively young.

  • What does it mean when a behavior serves a function?

    It means the behavior has a role or purpose.

  • Give an example of a behavior or process that serves a function.

    Fear increases alertness to danger; memory helps us learn from experiences.

  • Does 'serves a function' mean a behavior is always good?

    No. It means the behavior or process has a particular role or purpose, not necessarily good or bad.

  • What does it mean that psychology spans a range of human experience?

    Psychology studies many aspects of life, including memory, emotions, relationships, development, learning, and behavior.

  • How is biology increasingly emphasized in psychology?

    Psychologists study how brain activity, genes, hormones, and the nervous system relate to behavior and mental processes.

  • What does it mean that psychology is a computational and data science?

    Psychology uses data, statistics, computers, and computational methods to study behavior.

  • What does 'culture provides adaptive solutions' mean?

    Culture develops practices and behaviors that help people adapt and function together.

  • What are levels of analysis in psychology?

    Studying a phenomenon from different perspectives: biological, individual, social, and cultural.

  • Example of different levels of analysis for anxiety?

    Brain/hormones → thoughts/emotions → relationships → cultural expectations.

  • What does psychology's science of learning focus on?

    Understanding how people learn and using that research to improve education.

  • What are the 5 latest developments in psychology studied?

    Biology, Data, Culture, Levels, Learning.