Which of the following is the correct first step in hypothesis testing?
A
State the null and alternative hypotheses
B
Calculate the test statistic
C
Determine the p-value
D
Draw a conclusion based on the results
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1
Understand that hypothesis testing begins with formulating two competing statements: the null hypothesis (\(H_0\)) and the alternative hypothesis (\(H_a\)).
The null hypothesis (\(H_0\)) typically represents the status quo or no effect, while the alternative hypothesis (\(H_a\)) represents the claim you want to test.
Clearly state these hypotheses in a way that they are mutually exclusive and cover all possible outcomes.
After stating the hypotheses, the next steps involve collecting data, calculating the test statistic, determining the p-value, and finally drawing a conclusion.
Therefore, the correct first step in hypothesis testing is to state the null and alternative hypotheses.